Description and characteristics
The silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is a large cyprinid with a laterally compressed body, a relatively small head and low-set eyes. It has a silvery colour with a grey-green back and small scales.
Habitat and distribution
It prefers warm, plankton-rich waters, being introduced into lakes and ponds of the Danube Delta. It lives in schools in open waters and leaps from the water when startled.
Diet and behaviour
It is a planktivore, feeding on algae and plankton, filtering them through fine gills. A schooling, very active species that frequently jumps from the water.
Reproduction
Spawning occurs in flowing waters in spring, with females laying pelagic eggs. In ponds, natural reproduction is rare, so it is bred in aquaculture.
Economic and ecological importance
It has value in aquaculture and fishing, being widely consumed. Ecologically, it helps reduce excess plankton, but can compete with native species.
Threats and conservation
It is an introduced species, and its impact on native ecosystems must be managed. It can affect populations of native plankton feeders.
Fishing and legal minimum size
It is fished commercially and for recreation. In the table of minimum legal sizes, the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) has a minimum legal size of 40 cm.
Conclusion
The silver carp is a planktivorous cyprinid important in aquaculture and fishing, but with an impact to be managed.