Description and characteristics
The Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) is a bivalve mollusc with an elongated, blue-black shell and two symmetrical valves. It attaches to substrates by byssus threads, forming clusters.
Habitat and distribution
It inhabits salt and brackish waters, being common on hard bottoms, rocks and installations, on the coast and estuarine areas near the Danube Delta.
Diet and behaviour
It feeds by filtering water, capturing plankton and organic particles. It filters large volumes, helping purify the water.
Reproduction
Reproduction occurs by releasing gametes into the water, the larvae being planktonic. They attach to the substrate and grow as sedentary adults.
Economic and ecological importance
It has major economic value in aquaculture, being farmed on a large scale for consumption. Ecologically, it is an important filter-feeder of coastal waters.
Threats and conservation
It is sensitive to pollution and toxic algal blooms. Protection of coastal water quality is important.
Fishing and legal minimum size
It is harvested from natural and artificial cultures. In the table of minimum legal sizes, the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) has a minimum size of 4.5 cm.
Conclusion
The Mediterranean mussel is a valuable bivalve mollusc, important for aquaculture and the quality of coastal waters.