Description and characteristics
The flounder (Platichthys flesus) is a flatfish with an oval, laterally compressed body, with both eyes on the right side. Its brownish colouring with spots allows excellent camouflage on sandy bottoms.
Habitat and distribution
The flounder is euryhaline, tolerating salt, brackish and even freshwater, present on the coast and in the brackish zones of the Danube Delta, on sandy and muddy bottoms.
Diet and behaviour
It is a benthic predator, feeding on worms, molluscs, small crustaceans and fish. It lies on the bottom, camouflaged, and feeds on prey passing close by.
Reproduction
Spawning occurs in salt water, and the fry invade brackish and freshwater. Females lay numerous eggs, and development includes a pelagic stage.
Economic and ecological importance
The flounder has local fishing value. Ecologically, it contributes to coastal and estuarine ecosystems, being adapted to large salinity variations.
Threats and conservation
It is sensitive to pollution and bottom degradation. Conservation of estuarine habitats is important for maintaining populations.
Fishing and legal minimum size
The flounder is fished with bottom gear. In the table of minimum legal sizes, the flounder (Platichthys flesus) has a minimum legal size of 20 cm.
Conclusion
The flounder is an adaptable flatfish, present in the brackish and fresh waters of the Danube Delta and the coast.