Description and characteristics
The bream (Abramis sp.) is a medium-to-large cyprinid with a deep, laterally compressed body covered with large, silvery-grey scales. It has a relatively small mouth and at maturity shows a characteristic hump on the back, similar to that of bream.
Habitat and distribution
It inhabits freshwater and brackish waters of the Danube Delta — lakes, branches and canals, preferring calm waters with muddy bottoms and vegetation. It lives in schools and is active near the bottom.
Diet and behaviour
It feeds on benthic invertebrates, larvae, molluscs, worms and vegetation. As a schooling species it searches food on muddy bottoms, contributing to nutrient recycling.
Reproduction
Spawning occurs in spring at 12–16°C, with females laying numerous eggs on vegetation and bottoms. The fry grow quickly and reach maturity within a few years.
Economic and ecological importance
The bream has value for semi-commercial and recreational fishing. Ecologically, it is part of the trophic base and contributes to the balance of freshwater ecosystems.
Threats and conservation
It is affected by pollution, habitat loss and overfishing. Responsible management and protection of spawning areas are necessary.
Fishing and legal minimum size
The bream is caught with rod and bottom nets. In the table of minimum legal sizes, the bream (Abramis sp.) has a minimum legal size of 25 cm.
Conclusion
The bream is an important schooling cyprinid for the biodiversity and fishing of the Danube Delta.