Description and characteristics
The Azov shad (Alosa maeotica) is a small-to-medium clupeid with a laterally compressed body, silvery scales and a blue-grey back, from which it gets its name. It has a relatively large mouth and a serrated ventral keel.
Habitat and distribution
It lives in the salt and brackish waters near the Danube Delta and the Sea of Azov, forming pelagic schools near the coast.
Diet and behaviour
It feeds on plankton, crustaceans and small fish, being an active pelagic species. It forms shoals and migrates seasonally.
Reproduction
Spawning occurs in spring in salt or brackish water, with females laying pelagic eggs. The fry grow quickly.
Economic and ecological importance
It has local value for pelagic fishing. Ecologically, it is an important link in the coastal food web.
Threats and conservation
It is affected by intensive fishing and alteration of coastal waters. Sustainable management is necessary.
Fishing and legal minimum size
It is fished with fine nets and pelagic gear. In the table of minimum legal sizes, the Azov shad (Alosa maeotica) has a minimum legal size of 23 cm.
Conclusion
The Azov shad is a pelagic clupeid of coastal waters, important for the fishing and biodiversity of the Danube Delta area.